Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFVs)

Interest in vehicles powered by alternative energy sources has been gaining traction in large part due to high gas prices and an increased awareness of global warming, which according to a recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report[1] is 90% likely caused by humans. The "fuel" is the set of chemicals which are oxidized and reduced to release the stored energy. In a battery or fuel cell powered vehicle, this is electricity. In some circumstances, however, electricity may be provided directly to a mobile electric engine, such as an electrified trolley or train, or a magnetically levitated train. In such cases, electricity itself may be treated as an alternative "fuel", since it replaces fuel energy used in transportation.

Diesel type biofuels

Hempseed oil fuel or other straight vegetable oils
Biodiesel

Biodiesel refers to a diesel-equivalent processed fuel derived from biological sources (such as vegetable oils) which can be used in unmodified diesel-engine vehicles. It is thus distinguished from the straight vegetable oils (SVO) or waste vegetable oils (WVO) used as fuels in some diesel vehicles.